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수소이온농도(pH), pH meter란?

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작성자 : 이하늘 작성일 : 17-07-06 조회 : 2,858회

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lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:굴림;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"> face="굴림" size="2">1. face="굴림" size="2">요약 face="굴림" size="2">

pH(
size="2">산 또는 알카리 상태 size="2">)측정에 사용하는 계기 lang="EN-US">(計器 lang="EN-US">).



2.
pH

정의


pH
란 산 face="굴림" size="2">(acid) 또는 알카리 lang="EN-US">(alkali) size="2">상태의 세기 정도를 표시하는 용어를 뜻합니다 face="굴림" size="2">. pH를 부르는
방법에는 여러 가지가 있으며
,
독어의 페하와 영어의 피에취 양쪽 모두
사용됩니다
. face="굴림" size="2">우리 나라에서는 일반적으로 피에취로 불리워지고 있습니다 lang="EN-US">.

pH
face="굴림" size="2"> p는 대수의 lang="EN-US"> power size="2">를 뜻하고 H face="굴림" size="2">는 수소(Hydrogen) face="굴림" size="2">이온을 의미합니다 size="2">. 여기서 face="굴림" size="2">, pH는 수소이온
농도를 그 역수의 상용대수로서 나타내는 값으로 정의됩니다
face="굴림" size="2">.



3.
pH

측정방법


pH
측정법에는 지시약법과 전극법이 있습니다 lang="EN-US">. 지시약법은
비색법
( face="굴림" size="2">比色法) face="굴림" size="2">이라고도 하며데 size="2">, pH에 따라 변색하는 색소를
이용하는 방법과 종이 재질에 지시약
size="2">(Indicator)을 스며들게 하여
측정하는 방법이 있습니다


일반적으로 face="굴림" size="2"> pH meter라고
하면 보통 전극법을 이용한 것을 말하며 이는 용액의
face="굴림" size="2"> pH에 대하여 lang="EN-US"> 1차식으로
표현되는 전위
( face="굴림" size="2">電位) face="굴림" size="2">가 발생하는 것을 이용한 것으로서 face="굴림" size="2">, 전극으로서는
유리
(Glass) face="굴림" size="2">전극,
안티몬 face="굴림" size="2">(Antimony)전극 lang="EN-US">, 수소 lang="EN-US">(Hydrogen) size="2">전극 · face="굴림" size="2">퀸히드론(Quinhydrone)
전극 等이 있습니다 face="굴림" size="2">.



4.
pH buffer
size="2">용액 사용
TIP


pH Buffer
수용액은 이미 알려진 lang="EN-US"> pH값을
통해 측정 제품을 보다 정확하게 조정하고자 할 때 사용됩니다
face="굴림" size="2">. 더욱 정확한
측정값을 얻기 위해서는 다음과 같은 주의가 필요합니다
face="굴림" size="2">.

face="굴림" size="2">① face="굴림" size="2"> face="굴림" size="2">교정을 할 때는 보다 새 face="굴림" size="2"> buffer 용액을
사용하는 것이 좋습니다
.


face="굴림" size="2">② face="굴림" size="2"> Buffer face="굴림" size="2">용액은 측정되는 샘플의 face="굴림" size="2"> pH 범위에 맞는
것을 사용해야만 합니다
.


face="굴림" size="2">③ face="굴림" size="2"> Buffer face="굴림" size="2">용액의 온도를 측정되는 샘플의 온도와 동일하게 맞춰줘야
합니다
. face="굴림" size="2">예를 들어 샘플의 온도가 face="굴림" size="2"> 40°C라면 lang="EN-US"> Buffer size="2">용액의 온도도
40°C
로 동일하게 맞춰줘야 합니다 lang="EN-US">.

face="굴림" size="2">④ face="굴림" size="2"> Buffer face="굴림" size="2">의
pH
값은 온도에 따라서 변화하므로 표준
테이블을 참조해야 보다 정확한 측정값을 얻을 수 있습니다
face="굴림" size="2">.



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align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
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align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">0°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
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굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.00 pH

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word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.46 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">10°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.00 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.92 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.33 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">20°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.00 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.88 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.22 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">25°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.01 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.86 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.18 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">30°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.02 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.85 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.14 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">40°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.04 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.84 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.07 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">50°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.06 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.83 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">9.01 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">60°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.09 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.84 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.96 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">70°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.13 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.85 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.92 pH


align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">80°

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">4.16 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">6.86 pH

align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center; line-height:13.5pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric ideograph-other;
word-break:keep-all"> lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
굴림;mso-bidi-font-family:굴림;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> face="굴림" size="2">8.88 pH

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